MICE Industry in Singapore-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignment

Questions: 1.Describe the improvement of the MICE Industry in the Destination and its Importance in the Tourism Industry. 2.Examine the effects of MICE Industry on the Destination. 3.Recommendations to improve the Destinations claim to the MICE Market. Answers: Presentation In the course of recent years, the movement and the travel industry has developed as one of the most potential and developing industry of the world. The business has bolstered in the advancement of numerous economies by making work opportunities(Shipway Fyall, 2013). MICE occasions (gatherings, motivations, meeting, and show) have contributed a great deal to the general advancement of the travel industry. The current examination portrays the advancement of MICE industry in Singapore and its hugeness to the goals the travel industry. The co-connection of the goal, travel providers and the travel industry advertisers in making Mega Events a triumph or disappointment is additionally referenced in this investigation. 1.The advancement of MICE industry in Singapore In the current situation, Singapore has risen as one of the most loved goal for leading various occasions and public exhibitions. The interest of new and alluring goals, for example, Singapore has developed well to do conferences, occasions, corporate gatherings, and shows. It very well may be expressed that one of the universes meeting is being facilitated by Asian nations and Singapore is a significant benefactor in the equivalent. These days, Singapore is considered as an engaging goal for facilitating different business occasions, and there are various explanations for the interest. For instance, the goal offers valuable and magnificent air network to different goals of the world. Aside from this, accessibility of lively biological systems for organizations, differing recreation exercises, and gainful monetary divisions are a few variables which have bolstered in expanding the interest for occasions, for example, gatherings, impetuses, meeting and presentation in the goal. Singapore is additionally considered as the base of a few global organizations, and it is named as a standout amongst other goal for doing business(Ashrafi, Seow, Lee, Lee, 2013). The system of exchange and correspondence present in the goal are profoundly productive and helps in drawing in increasingly more occasion coordinators. Till now, the goal has done a few significant occasions, for example, the ninth International Conference on Intelligent Sensors, the International Conference on Interactive Digital Storytelling and the Special Education Network in Asia. It tends to be communicated that The Singapore Tourism Board has assumed a pivotal job in expanding the interest for MICE occasion s. These occasions are likewise contributing a great deal to the development and improvement of the goals the travel industry. It very well may be advocated by the way that in the year 2014, MICE occasions contributed a noteworthy part which was 5.2 SGD Billion to generally speaking the travel industry beneficiaries. The goal offers an exceptionally potential and conductive stage for completing MICE occasions, and this backings in pulling in increasingly more traveler in Singapore(Chew, 2015). The orderlies or guests in occasion spend their cash on various parts of the travel industry and therefore, adds to by and large development. For example, the orderlies spend their dominant part of cash on lodgings and along these lines, the inns in the goal are given chances to expand their deals and productivity. The interest of different areas, for example, inn cafés, different eateries, retail locations, transportation, and diversion additionally gets upgraded by MICE occasions. Lodgings are considered as one of the greatest benefactor and fundamental recipient area of tourism(Ashrafi, Seow, Lee, Lee, 2013). The basis behind this is inns offer various offices to occasion chaperons and this builds up a solid feeling of fulfillment among them. The specialists or guests can discover all the things required short of what one rooftop in an exceptionally advantageous way(Chon Weber, 2014). For instance, offices, for example, settlement, dinners, separate class or meeting rooms are offered by the inns and accordingly, it turns out to be extremely advantageous for individuals to go to the occasion. It very well may be communicated that MICE occasions contribute a ton to the general advancement of all parts of the travel industry. 2.The effects of MICE industry on the goal According to the travel industry model created by Butler, there are seven unique stages which help in development and improvement of a spot as a visitor goal. Further, the stages are investigation, association, advancement, union, stagnation, revival and decrease. In the principal stage, hardly any individuals or vacationer visit the goal with a goal to investigate the same(Sandy Sou McCartney, 2015). Here, the fundamental offices, for example, convenience and transportation are very less. In the subsequent stage, a contribution of neighborhood individuals dwelling in the goal begins expanding, and they start to begin some fundamental offices to the people who visit the goal. In the third stage, the goals begin creating and turn out to be increasingly famous among traveler. The fourth stage is combination where the goal starts to draw in increasingly more tourist(Getz Page, 2016). In any case, it is additionally considered as a phase in which pressures or issues begins creating among vacationer and host. In the fifth stage, the offices gave to guests and sightseers become obsolete, and along these lines, a goal begins seeing a fall in the absolute number of traveler showing up. The 6th phase of revival wherein the goal centers around improving offices and again the quantity of guests begins increasing(Hsieh, 2013). In the last stage, on the off chance that the goal isn't restored, at that point it legitimately goes into the phase of decrease where guests are not, at this point keen on visiting the goal. It tends to be communicated that there is an immediate co-connection of the goal, the travel industry providers, and the travel industry advertisers really taking shape Mega Event a triumph or disappointment. Moreover, the organization from all partners of the goal is basic in making an occasion successful(Shipway Fyall, 2013). For instance, if quality items and administrations are not conveyed by the travel industry providers than the travel industry or guests will be disappointed, and the super occasion will turn into a disappointment. Moreover, the travel industry advertisers solid promoting practices will bring about creation the whole occasion a major achievement. The goal, providers, and designers need to cooperate and concentrate on offering quality items and administrations to make an occasion successful(Rogers Davidson, Marketing goals and settings for gatherings, shows and business occasions, 2015). The effect of MICE occasions on goal The goal (Singapore) has had the option to keep up its driving situation in Asian the market for directing MICE occasions. It very well may be communicated that effective framework and dynamic business biological system has had the option to dazzle the agents and orderlies of MICE occasions. Besides, these occasions are contributing a great deal to by and large development and monetary improvement of the chose goal. This can be advocated by the case of Singapore AIRSHOW 2012, which has contributed a major add up to the economy of the goal (Rogers, 2013). The measure of contributed by the show was $245.5 Million. The sum incorporates income created from guests, outside merchants, and exhibitors. It has upheld the goal in making mindfulness at the worldwide level and simultaneously, it has helped in offering preparing chances to nearby laborers living in the goal. Aside from this, MICE occasions have additionally assumed an essential job in making business openings inside the goal (Whitfield, Dioko, Webber, Zhang, 2014). The consequence of this is individuals living in neighborhood network get an expected stage for development and advancement. The goal additionally urges the occasion coordinators to anticipate MICE occasions which are sustainable(Sandy Sou McCartney, 2015). It contributes straightforwardly to the general ecological and network improvement inside Singapore. MICE occasions as green occasion bring about improvement of nature and improve the equivalent a spot for living. 3.Recommendations to improve the Destinations advance to the MICE showcase At present, the goal is confronting specific difficulties and issues connected with MICE occasions. Moreover, restricted development and rising desires for clients are the key difficulties which are looked by the goal in setting of MICE occasions. A few Recommendations to improve the Destinations advance to the MICE showcase are given underneath as: It very well may be prescribed that the goal now needs to underline on turning into an associated city for facilitating MICE occasions. It implies that the legislature and the travel industry authority can concentrate on making the vehicle exceptionally advantageous for the guests and permitting them to go any place they need. What's more, it can likewise be recommended that the consistent WIFI network can be given inside all the areas or settings connected with MICE events(Singapore Tourism Board, 2014). It will help in building up a solid feeling of fulfillment among the orderlies and will likewise contribute a great deal to the future development of goal. It can likewise be suggested that the MICE occasions industry should now concentrate more on directing experiential occasions. In the course of recent years, the interest for such occasions has developed well and in this manner; the goal has a possible chance to perform such sorts of events(Tang, 2014). It very well may be finished by incorporating human and mechanical assets inside the MICE occasions industry. It can likewise be recommended that the goal would now be able to concentrate on growing progressively effective and quality productive MICE organizations. A preparation structure can be made to upgrade the current range of abilities and information base of the organizations. End It very well may be inferred that MICE occasion

The Indian women writers who expressed their views Essays - Feminism

The Indian ladies essayists who communicated their perspectives and anguish through their works in the Postcolonial times for two significant reasons. To begin with, both male controlled society and colonialism could be believed to apply various types of mastery over those subordinate to them. Along these lines, it was significant for the encounters of ladies under the male centric impact to come out to the bleeding edge and uncover the undue pitilessness be hung on them by men. It was vital for the ladies to restrict this male predominance over them. We see that ladies kept on characterizing the fringes of the network, class and race. They attempted to communicate their misery and disappointment of male commanded disposition through their works. Despite the fact that the Indian ladies scholars attempt to delineate the ladies as solid and centered in their vision to prevail in lives, they were, in any case, ablest to prevail in their lives just in the space designated to them by the men. In any case, the Indian ladies scholars who attempted to stamp their clout in a male commanded condition as most ideal for what it's worth to them. They know very well that it is a troublesome way, as the ladies needed to get through long stretches of male strength, restrictions and convictions that had intensely impregnated the general public. Also, pundits contended that expansionism worked diversely for ladies and for men. It is so in light of the fact that ladies are exposed to both general separation as provincial toys of subjects and explicit discri mination as ladies tended to as twofold colonization.

You Can Save the World

You Can Save the World Being as musically obsessed as I am, itd be impossible for me not to talk about Kanye West. Ill start this blogpost off by saying I unironically, wholeheartedly believe that Kanye West is one of the greatest artists of all-time, not just for his incredible lyricism, production, and musical innovation, but also in his ability to continue to stay relevant and provocative in such a volatile, fast-paced media world. Obviously, hes said some rather controversial, if not just blatantly offensive, things in the past that I do not stand by. However, I do give him props for constantly challenging perspectives and ideas. Specifically, Im referencing this interview with Kanye West by BigBoyTV. In response to Big Boys question regarding Kanyes Sunday Service concerts01 Kanye recently held a Sunday Service at the Forum in Inglewood, California, where he brought out a gospel choir and pastor to sing songs from Jesus Is King, Kanyes newest album, as well as some favorites like Ultralight Beam and Jesus Walks. While there is no sermon involved, the entire concert is run like a church service, with positive messages and an uplifting choir to give the full, spiritual experience. , Kanye mentions MIT.  So many people at MIT, let me tell you, MIT right now. Yall in a box. They have you in a box. You can save the world, but you are working on things that are too small. Take a step back, stop worrying about your college loans, stop worrying about what job they got waiting for you in Silicon Valley. MIT, you can save the world. Kids in college, you can save the world.   Ill put my life on this interview right now. Its up to yall. Yall have the ability to step back from what you think culture is today. Its not about any candidate. Its not about red or blue. Its about humanity. Yall talking about 12 years of oxygen, talkin bout how we gon kill the Earth. We cant kill the Earth. We goin kill the things that keep us alive on the Earth, the Earth gonna survive. Its up to yall. Yall the future. (28:01) This is just a snippet of a long response Kanye gives about his journey to finding God and coming to a realization that hes been putting value on the wrong things. He then takes it a step further, urging people, college kids especially, to do the same and reevaluate their morals and values. When I first heard his reply, I didnt really quite know what to think. As I mentioned earlier in a blogpost, theres quite a large percentage of MIT kids majoring in Course 6, computer science. Often times youll hear words like sellout or money hungry get thrown around left and right at Course 6s and whether thats in jest or in seriousness is really hard to tell sometimes. As someone leaning towards Course 6, it really made me take a step back and ask myself, Is Kanye West talking about me? And then I took another step back, shook myself out of it, and realized: Why am I giving him the power to question myself? The overall message has good intention. Climate change and resource exhaustion is very much a real issue. Humanity is reliant on a lot of the Earths natural resources and we are depleting it at a great rate. But as Ive heard many of my peers say more and more over time is: Why must this responsibility fall onto us? Yes, we are the next generation. Yes, Im sure MIT kids and plenty of other young people have the ability to save the world. But why should that sole duty fall onto our shoulders? Im only seventeen years old and here is Kanye West, a 42-year-old man with an estimated net worth of $240M to $1B married to Kim Kardashian with a near equal net worth and a family with similar numbers, telling me that its  my job to save the world. He also mentions later on that instead of spending time working hard on 3D-printing things, we could save the world. But little does he realize that the things we do 3D-print, while sometimes they are perhaps little trinkets to keep on our desk or for our Halloween costumes, are also designs that can be refined and further iterated into life-saving products. Even just looking at the 3-D printing tag in MIT News, we see that 3D-printing isnt a waste of our time as implied. But of course I dont think Kanye West has a specific vendetta against 3D-printers and he was more of implying that we are spending time on things that dont matter. And that leads to a greater annoyance I have just with the general public and assumptions made about MIT. Kanyes entire thinkpiece on MIT reads like, to directly quote redditor GlennMagusHarveys reaction to this exact video posted on r/MIT, uninformed rambling. Maybe if Kanye had done more research and pointed out specific instances of MIT wasting resources and time (Im very sure he could find things) or started some coalition with MIT students, donating some of his hard-earned funds to our school to be used for environmental work, I would take this callout more seriously. But he hasnt. Yes, young people are the future and we are in such a technologically advanced time that quite literally anyone can teach themselves complex skills that were so hard to access before. Web development, 3D-modeling and printing, machine learning you can just find these resources online. Out of everyone in the world, we probably have the most capability to saving the world just because of the head start we have in terms of technology and also just living longer that generations prior to us. But that doesnt necessarily mean that that duty should fall down to us. Listening to Kanye tell the young people to stop 3D-printing and save the world reminded me of Greta Thunbergs iconic opening to her speech at the U.N.s Climate Action Summit. I shouldnt be up here. I should be back in school on the other side of the ocean. Yet you all come to us young people for hope. How dare you! I share this same sentiment. How dare you, Kanye West, how dare you. Before you come for college kids, blatantly disregarding our college loans and making misinformed remarks about how we spend our time, perhaps we should ask what have  you done to save the world recently? Anyone can talk. Not everyone can act. I will always have respect for Kanye West and his music. He is thought provoking and arguably one of the most influential people of our generation. Hes pioneered movements in fashion and in music and continues to break the boundaries of music with every album drop. (Thats for another blogpost.) Yet, this is one topic that Kanye West doesnt have a good grasp on. His words shame students pursuing Silicon Valley jobs, as if its bad to want high-earning positions. Maybe we should consider that the reason students are supposedly selling out is because its so difficult to make money otherwise. Its difficult to exist in this day and age and make a living for ourselves. Its difficult to find funding and support for environmental projects. And its difficult to listen to someone so far removed from MIT comment and criticize our decisions when they havent done anything themselves to help that exact situation. There is a deeper rooted problem here, and its that people are relying on us young people to solve the situations that prior generations not only created, but are continuing. And now, they look to college students, already burdened with their debts and stresses, to fix the system they continue to feed. Kanye West, you can save the world. You have the money and means to do it, but youre in a box. You have enough affluence and influence to change the culture of today. Talk less, and do more. And maybe then us MIT kids can help you. Post Tagged #let's discuss Kanye recently held a Sunday Service at the Forum in Inglewood, California, where he brought out a gospel choir and pastor to sing songs from Jesus Is King, Kanye's newest album, as well as some favorites like 'Ultralight Beam' and 'Jesus Walks'. While there is no sermon involved, the entire concert is run like a church service, with positive messages and an uplifting choir to give the full, spiritual experience. back to text ?

A Selection System In Human Resource Management Is...

A selection system in human resource management is combination of tools and procedures used in choosing a person who is qualified for a certain role, who can successfully bring valuable contributions to an organization (Foot, Hook, Jenkins, 2016). An effective selection system is fundamentally based on job analysis so that the selection tools utilized in the recruitment process add value to the organization. This selection system provides a framework for recruiting an accountant, and it provides job analysis for the position as well as the selection tools and procedures for the position. †¢ Job title: Accountant This position generally involves providing the day to day support to the accounting function of the company. †¢ Brief summary of†¦show more content†¦Those who do not meet this requirement will be eliminated at this stage. Other items to check during screening are education background and work experience as stated in the job analysis. As result, the tool is reliable in ensuring misfits will not be able to proceed to the next level. The applications for the position will be received online through recruitment portals and therefore the applications will be screened electronically by the human resource personnel. This tool will be administered by two human resource staff and it will take approximately five hours to execute. Telephone interviews Telephone interview is the second tool in the selection system. It involves contacting the applicants who passed the in the screening tool. The questions that are asked in the telephone interview are based on the job analysis weighed against the applicant’s responses in the application materials. It is a cost effective and reliabvle tool in selecting the best candidates who will proceed to next level in the recruitment process. One basic question that can asked on the telephone interview is, â€Å"Do you still have interest in the job that you applied for?† those who provide a â€Å"no† answer will automatically be eliminated from the selection system. Other leading questions will enable the recruiter to measure other key KSAO’s such as experience, communication skills and educational qualifications. This tool will be administered by one human resourceShow MoreRelatedSelection System Of Human Resource Management1208 Words   |  5 PagesSelection system A selection system in human resource management is combination of tools and procedures used in choosing a person who is qualified for a certain role, who can successfully bring valuable contributions to an organization (Foot, Hook, Jenkins, 2016). An effective selection system is fundamentally based on job analysis so that the selection tools utilized in the recruitment process add value to the organization. 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The Theory Of Communication, Professionalism, And...

Nurses have always led the way in promoting and improving the healthcare environment for the clients. The nurse-patient relationship is by many considered the core of nursing. The nursing practice incorporates so many concepts that guide and assist nurses to become better professionals in their day-to-day interactions with clients, colleagues, and other professionals. The concepts Professionalism, Communication, and Personhood form the backbone of the nursing practice and thus are essential characteristics that all nurses should possess and use in their practice. A great nurse understands, exhibits and is able to combine these qualities flawlessly. Thus, this paper links the concepts of Communication, Professionalism, and Personhood, and shows how proper use of these tools in nursing lead to a better client-nurse relationship and positive health outcomes. Moreover, this paper also incorporates a scenario of Kitwood’s Enriched Model of Dementia Care and a rationale for how the scenarios are therapeutic or non-therapeutic. According to J.F Giddens, Communication is defined as a process of interaction between individuals in which symbols are used to create, exchange, and interpret messages about ideas, emotions and mind states. (PP) Communication is a lifelong learning process for a nurse. Good communication between nurses and patients is essential for the successful outcome of individualized nursing care of each patient. It is important in building relationships with clientsShow MoreRelatedThe Paradigm of 21st Century Nursing: Theories of Caring and Practice2625 Words   |  10 Pagesï » ¿Part 1 The Paradigm of 21st Century Nursing One of the complexities of 21st century medicine is the evolution of nursing care theories in combination with a changing need and expectation of the stakeholder population. Nurses must be advocates and communicators, but must balance these along with an overall philosophy of ethics while still remaining mindful of budgets and the need for the medical institution to be profitable. It seems as if these issues comprise a three-part template for nursing:

Different Treatment Organizations in Prisons Free Essays

There are various treatment programs in prisons that I have discovered by contacting several organizations. I will described a wide range of programs offered to inmates that help target special needs such as education, behavioral change, spiritual awareness, vocational training, parenting classes, HIV prevention, and drug education. I will describe each treatment programs that I have found and discuss the purposes of each program. We will write a custom essay sample on Different Treatment Organizations in Prisons or any similar topic only for you Order Now A program called the Volunteer Prison Education Program was launched in July 1997 at the Rikers Island Prison. I called and spoke with Joan Bloomgarden, who described this program as a quality educational experience to inmates who would otherwise not have access to learning. This unique program involves volunteer educators to motivate inmates to help themselves, their families and one another to create a learning community within the prison system. The purpose of this program is to promote positive behavioral change, assist in prevention of crime, work cooperatively with prosecutors, and to actively involve the families of inmates in crime prevention. Courses offered are Child Development, Understanding Your Anger, Art Education in Prison: Toward Enhancing Self-Esteem, Conflict Resolution: Practical Exploration, Basic Understanding of Money Management, and Basic Eye Care. I contacted The Prison SMART Foundation Incorporated and spoke with Thomas Duffy, who was able to provide me information regarding their unique stress management and rehabilitative training program delivered to hardened criminals in U. S prisons. The purpose of this program is to teach the proper breathing techniques to help inmates reduce and manage their stress levels in order to help them think more clearly and to help them think about their actions. Taught by Prison SMART Foundation volunteers, this 6 to 10 day program utilizes advanced yoga breathing exercises and is based on the dynamic cleansing effects of the breath on the body and mind. As a result, they enjoy increased self-esteem and self-empowerment. Thousands who have completed the Prison SMART Foundation’s stress management programs are living proof. Prison administrators have reported that inmates who have participated in this program are easier to handle and exhibit less acting out in confrontational situations. I contacted the Prisoners for Christ Outreach Ministries based in Kirkland, WA, and spoke with Greg Von Tobel, to learn more information about programs offered to inmates. Prisoners For Christ services include: Church Services and Bible Studies, Two Year Bible Study Correspondence Course, One to One Visitation Outreach, Pen Pal Outreach, Special Projects Outreach, Literature, Heart to Heart Christmas Giving Program, Wives Outreach, Parent Outreach, Van Transportation Outreach, and Northwest Transitional Housing. The purposes of these services are to share the Gospel of Jesus Christ in the jails, prisons, and juvenile centers of the Northwest. In addition, Prisoners For Christ work with the men, women, and children who are incarcerated to become fully functioning, tax paying citizens and to assist their families. Statistics shows that last year alone, 16,326 inmates (men, women, and youth) attended these programs in 19 different institutions. About 6% of inmates made their first time commitments to the Lord Jesus Christ. I wanted to learn about several other types of treatment programs offered in prisons, so I contacted the California Department of Corrections. They have implemented several programs designed to benefit both the inmates and the public. I will briefly describe each of these programs and the purpose each one offers. The Joint Venture Program, opened its doors in 1991, where private employers can contract with the California Department of Corrections to set up their businesses on prison grounds and hire inmate workers at competitive wages. This gives inmates the ability to provide economical benefits such as providing restitution to victims, becoming taxpayers, paying support to families, compensate costs for their incarceration, and mandatory savings to provide funds after release from prison. The social benefits are the ability to develop good work habits, gain job experience, decrease inmate idleness, and to return to society motivated and skilled adults. The Mother Infant Program is designed to help mothers reestablish bonds with their children, teach them valuable skills, and prepare them to return to society as working adults. Parenting classes, pre-employment training, and drug education classes are offered to help build better parenting relationships and brighter futures for inmates while they serve their time. In parenting classes, they learn how to talk and relate to their children and how to discipline effectively. Both mothers and children may also receive counseling. In pre-employment training, they gain practical information about applying, landing and keeping a job. Since the majority of the mothers have had some sort of chemical dependency in the past, they also attend drug education classes. The classes are geared to keep them from returning to their old habits, make them aware of the dangers of drug addiction, and show them how drugs not only impair their lives, but especially their children†s. The California Conservation Camp Program intents to train and use inmates for conservation and development of natural resources. These conservation camps are located in some of the state’s most secluded wilderness areas. They provide a large force of trained crews for fire fighting, resource conservation, and emergency assignments as necessary. In addition to fire fighting, other tasks assigned to inmates are graffiti removal, reforestation, levee repair and flood control, pine bark beetle eradication and preservation, illegal dump site cleanup, wildlife habitat rehabilitation, and park and cemetery maintenance. During non-work hours inmates are involved in special projects such as repairing toys for disadvantaged children or on projects with the elderly or disabled. In some camps vocational training programs are available. In others, inmates work on a variety of special projects such as road construction and prison building, which allow them to still learn and strengthen skills. As they repay their debt to society, camp inmates provide a real economic benefit to local communities. In a typical year, they will work 2 million hours on fire fighting and fire prevention. They also will spend almost 6 million hours on conservation projects and community service activities. Those who successfully complete training at prison conservation centers in Northern and Southern California learn how their effectiveness and their lives depend upon discipline and teamwork. When the time comes for parole, inmates have been exposed to good work habits and teamwork in the camp setting. This exposure provides them with a purpose, goals, and a sense of accomplishment in doing a job well done. Computer refurbishing program, launched in 1994, was developed to refurbish used computers for California’s K-12 public schools. The California Department of Corrections trains inmates to refurbish donated computers then turns them over to the schools. Currently, the California Department of Corrections is responsible for 60 percent of all refurbished computers placed in California public schools. The donated computer equipment comes in various states of disrepair. Some computers are obsolete for business purposes, others need minor repair and still others can only be used for parts. In the first year, nearly 2,000 refurbished computers made their way to California classrooms. By the end of 1997, 13 prisons had refurbished more than 35,000 computers for California schools, saving them close to $33 million. Through this program, the inmates learn and practice skills that will help prepare them for a future outside prison. I contacted San Quentin State Prison, and spoke to Barry Zack, to find out about any treatment programs offered. One particular program called HIV Prevention Education is required for all men entering the prison. This program offered since 1986, is to help inmates see the personal side to HIV, increase perception of risk, increase knowledge of HIV/AIDS, and reduce the risk of HIV, STDs, hepatitis and tuberculosis in prison and after release. Since 1991, inmates have received comprehensive peer education training to work as peer educators. The training covers several topics such as public speaking techniques, awareness of alcohol and drugs and their impact on high-risk behaviors, HIV-related multi-cultural awareness, and HIV/AIDS in our society and in the world. About 40 peer educators are trained each year. After training, the peer educators conducts various services such as teaching an HIV prevention orientation class, providing individual counseling, and providing prevention case management. Two different programs are offered to inmates prior to their release from prison. One program is specifically for HIV + inmates and is offered as a two-week, 8 session intervention that includes such topics as self-esteem, health maintenance, community resources, stress management, substance use, legal issues, and barriers to care after release. The other program, conducted two weeks prior to an inmate†s release, offers individual sessions to discuss preventing, acquiring, or transmitting HIV after release from prison. Topics covered include using condoms, avoiding drug and alcohol use, and avoiding needle sharing. I contacted The Federal Bureau of Prisons where they currently operate 42 residential treatment programs with an annual capacity of over 6,000 participants. For the 30 percent of Federal inmates who have a history of moderate to severe substance abuse this program is able to provide drug treatment to all inmates who need it and are willing to accept it. This program offers inmates up to 500 hours of treatment, which focuses on individual responsibility and to deter future criminal behavior. The goal of this program is to help identify, confront, and alter their attitudes, values, and thinking patterns that led them to their criminal behavior and drug or alcohol use. This program includes sessions on Screening and Assessment, Treatment Orientation, Criminal Lifestyle Confrontation, Cognitive Skill Building, Relapse Prevention, Interpersonal Skill Building, and Wellness. I have found these treatment programs to be suitable and adequate. Each organization, I spoke with has concluded that these programs not only offers benefits to the individual but also to society as a whole. There are economic and social benefits that can be gained from these programs that I have just described. I have listed a wide range of programs that help target special needs for inmates that may help deter future criminal behavior. We need these programs to help rehabilitate these inmates while they are serving their time in jail. It has been stressed that jail alone cannot deter a criminal from reoffending. By providing these various programs to inmates, we can help them become drug-free, educated, hard-working individuals prior to being released from prison. Hopefully, whatever program an inmate has participated in can help change their behavioral patterns, which may help reduce the rate of recidivism. How to cite Different Treatment Organizations in Prisons, Papers Different Treatment Organizations in Prisons Free Essays There are various treatment programs in prisons that I have discovered by contacting several organizations. I will described a wide range of programs offered to inmates that help target special needs such as education, behavioral change, spiritual awareness, vocational training, parenting classes, HIV prevention, and drug education. I will describe each treatment programs that I have found and discuss the purposes of each program. We will write a custom essay sample on Different Treatment Organizations in Prisons or any similar topic only for you Order Now A program called the Volunteer Prison Education Program was launched in July 1997 at the Rikers Island Prison. I called and spoke with Joan Bloomgarden, who described this program as a quality educational experience to inmates who would otherwise not have access to learning. This unique program involves volunteer educators to motivate inmates to help themselves, their families and one another to create a learning community within the prison system. The purpose of this program is to promote positive behavioral change, assist in prevention of crime, work cooperatively with prosecutors, and to actively involve the families of inmates in crime prevention. Courses offered are Child Development, Understanding Your Anger, Art Education in Prison: Toward Enhancing Self-Esteem, Conflict Resolution: Practical Exploration, Basic Understanding of Money Management, and Basic Eye Care. I contacted The Prison SMART Foundation Incorporated and spoke with Thomas Duffy, who was able to provide me information regarding their unique stress management and rehabilitative training program delivered to hardened criminals in U. S prisons. The purpose of this program is to teach the proper breathing techniques to help inmates reduce and manage their stress levels in order to help them think more clearly and to help them think about their actions. Taught by Prison SMART Foundation volunteers, this 6 to 10 day program utilizes advanced yoga breathing exercises and is based on the dynamic cleansing effects of the breath on the body and mind. As a result, they enjoy increased self-esteem and self-empowerment. Thousands who have completed the Prison SMART Foundation’s stress management programs are living proof. Prison administrators have reported that inmates who have participated in this program are easier to handle and exhibit less acting out in confrontational situations. I contacted the Prisoners for Christ Outreach Ministries based in Kirkland, WA, and spoke with Greg Von Tobel, to learn more information about programs offered to inmates. Prisoners For Christ services include: Church Services and Bible Studies, Two Year Bible Study Correspondence Course, One to One Visitation Outreach, Pen Pal Outreach, Special Projects Outreach, Literature, Heart to Heart Christmas Giving Program, Wives Outreach, Parent Outreach, Van Transportation Outreach, and Northwest Transitional Housing. The purposes of these services are to share the Gospel of Jesus Christ in the jails, prisons, and juvenile centers of the Northwest. In addition, Prisoners For Christ work with the men, women, and children who are incarcerated to become fully functioning, tax paying citizens and to assist their families. Statistics shows that last year alone, 16,326 inmates (men, women, and youth) attended these programs in 19 different institutions. About 6% of inmates made their first time commitments to the Lord Jesus Christ. I wanted to learn about several other types of treatment programs offered in prisons, so I contacted the California Department of Corrections. They have implemented several programs designed to benefit both the inmates and the public. I will briefly describe each of these programs and the purpose each one offers. The Joint Venture Program, opened its doors in 1991, where private employers can contract with the California Department of Corrections to set up their businesses on prison grounds and hire inmate workers at competitive wages. This gives inmates the ability to provide economical benefits such as providing restitution to victims, becoming taxpayers, paying support to families, compensate costs for their incarceration, and mandatory savings to provide funds after release from prison. The social benefits are the ability to develop good work habits, gain job experience, decrease inmate idleness, and to return to society motivated and skilled adults. The Mother Infant Program is designed to help mothers reestablish bonds with their children, teach them valuable skills, and prepare them to return to society as working adults. Parenting classes, pre-employment training, and drug education classes are offered to help build better parenting relationships and brighter futures for inmates while they serve their time. In parenting classes, they learn how to talk and relate to their children and how to discipline effectively. Both mothers and children may also receive counseling. In pre-employment training, they gain practical information about applying, landing and keeping a job. Since the majority of the mothers have had some sort of chemical dependency in the past, they also attend drug education classes. The classes are geared to keep them from returning to their old habits, make them aware of the dangers of drug addiction, and show them how drugs not only impair their lives, but especially their children†s. The California Conservation Camp Program intents to train and use inmates for conservation and development of natural resources. These conservation camps are located in some of the state’s most secluded wilderness areas. They provide a large force of trained crews for fire fighting, resource conservation, and emergency assignments as necessary. In addition to fire fighting, other tasks assigned to inmates are graffiti removal, reforestation, levee repair and flood control, pine bark beetle eradication and preservation, illegal dump site cleanup, wildlife habitat rehabilitation, and park and cemetery maintenance. During non-work hours inmates are involved in special projects such as repairing toys for disadvantaged children or on projects with the elderly or disabled. In some camps vocational training programs are available. In others, inmates work on a variety of special projects such as road construction and prison building, which allow them to still learn and strengthen skills. As they repay their debt to society, camp inmates provide a real economic benefit to local communities. In a typical year, they will work 2 million hours on fire fighting and fire prevention. They also will spend almost 6 million hours on conservation projects and community service activities. Those who successfully complete training at prison conservation centers in Northern and Southern California learn how their effectiveness and their lives depend upon discipline and teamwork. When the time comes for parole, inmates have been exposed to good work habits and teamwork in the camp setting. This exposure provides them with a purpose, goals, and a sense of accomplishment in doing a job well done. Computer refurbishing program, launched in 1994, was developed to refurbish used computers for California’s K-12 public schools. The California Department of Corrections trains inmates to refurbish donated computers then turns them over to the schools. Currently, the California Department of Corrections is responsible for 60 percent of all refurbished computers placed in California public schools. The donated computer equipment comes in various states of disrepair. Some computers are obsolete for business purposes, others need minor repair and still others can only be used for parts. In the first year, nearly 2,000 refurbished computers made their way to California classrooms. By the end of 1997, 13 prisons had refurbished more than 35,000 computers for California schools, saving them close to $33 million. Through this program, the inmates learn and practice skills that will help prepare them for a future outside prison. I contacted San Quentin State Prison, and spoke to Barry Zack, to find out about any treatment programs offered. One particular program called HIV Prevention Education is required for all men entering the prison. This program offered since 1986, is to help inmates see the personal side to HIV, increase perception of risk, increase knowledge of HIV/AIDS, and reduce the risk of HIV, STDs, hepatitis and tuberculosis in prison and after release. Since 1991, inmates have received comprehensive peer education training to work as peer educators. The training covers several topics such as public speaking techniques, awareness of alcohol and drugs and their impact on high-risk behaviors, HIV-related multi-cultural awareness, and HIV/AIDS in our society and in the world. About 40 peer educators are trained each year. After training, the peer educators conducts various services such as teaching an HIV prevention orientation class, providing individual counseling, and providing prevention case management. Two different programs are offered to inmates prior to their release from prison. One program is specifically for HIV + inmates and is offered as a two-week, 8 session intervention that includes such topics as self-esteem, health maintenance, community resources, stress management, substance use, legal issues, and barriers to care after release. The other program, conducted two weeks prior to an inmate†s release, offers individual sessions to discuss preventing, acquiring, or transmitting HIV after release from prison. Topics covered include using condoms, avoiding drug and alcohol use, and avoiding needle sharing. I contacted The Federal Bureau of Prisons where they currently operate 42 residential treatment programs with an annual capacity of over 6,000 participants. For the 30 percent of Federal inmates who have a history of moderate to severe substance abuse this program is able to provide drug treatment to all inmates who need it and are willing to accept it. This program offers inmates up to 500 hours of treatment, which focuses on individual responsibility and to deter future criminal behavior. The goal of this program is to help identify, confront, and alter their attitudes, values, and thinking patterns that led them to their criminal behavior and drug or alcohol use. This program includes sessions on Screening and Assessment, Treatment Orientation, Criminal Lifestyle Confrontation, Cognitive Skill Building, Relapse Prevention, Interpersonal Skill Building, and Wellness. I have found these treatment programs to be suitable and adequate. Each organization, I spoke with has concluded that these programs not only offers benefits to the individual but also to society as a whole. There are economic and social benefits that can be gained from these programs that I have just described. I have listed a wide range of programs that help target special needs for inmates that may help deter future criminal behavior. We need these programs to help rehabilitate these inmates while they are serving their time in jail. It has been stressed that jail alone cannot deter a criminal from reoffending. By providing these various programs to inmates, we can help them become drug-free, educated, hard-working individuals prior to being released from prison. Hopefully, whatever program an inmate has participated in can help change their behavioral patterns, which may help reduce the rate of recidivism. How to cite Different Treatment Organizations in Prisons, Essay examples

Deviance Is Socially Defined Essay Example For Students

Deviance Is Socially Defined Essay What does it mean to say, deviance is socially defined?Deviance is defined as, The recognized violation of cultural norms. Deviance is an act of rebellion against set of rules, and expected behavior established by a certain society. Deviance is defined in many different ways. It is depended on the norms of the society, and region. Individuals become deviant when people label their actions as deviance. It depends on how that certain society defines deviance on individuals. The establishment of rules, and breaking rules in society is determined by strong social powers. This event leads to social inequality in society. The Saints and the roughnecks, are an example to labeling individuals as deviants, and it shows how social power causes inequality. Deviance appears in all likes of society. Deviance has many meanings to unconformity on a cultural norm. It depends on that the state of society, and its region. Prostitution is a profession that has existed since the beginning of society. Prostitution is viewed as a sleazy way of making money. The United States outlaws this profession, because it degrades females. Yet it is legal, and accepted in the city of Las Vegas, Nevada. Residents in Nevada view prostitution, as any other job. Individuals become deviants when society decides to call the acts deviance. It is a labeling process put on the person. An example of deviant behavior would be the teen youth wearing baggy attire. Baggy attire is related to gangs, which in turn makes a person view teens that wear baggy attire to be a troublemaker. As a result it puts a stigma on the teen, which causes the teen to accept it, and then becomes a deviant individual. Rules are created and broken by people who have strong social powers, and ties. Dan White an ideal view of the American dream, got away with murder. Dan White had strong social ties with his community and supporters. He murdered Harvey Milk, who is a homosexual, and the Mayor. Harvey Milk had many opposing social forces against him. Dan White broke many rules for the murders. Dan is viewed as a hero to the anti-gay community. It was his social ties, and power that gave him his lenient verdict. The Saints and the Roughnecks, presents how society labels certain individuals as deviants because of their social class status. The Saints were boys who came from an upper social class setting. The social conflict paradigm says, Upper class individuals tend to abstain from committing deviant acts. The Roughnecks came from a lower class, therefore giving them a bad impression. Both groups broke many rules, and were juvenile delinquents. The saints were viewed as good boys, while the Roughnecks were view as bad boys. The difference was the social class setting. The wealthier group had more power, and respect giving them a better image. Society views groups in poverty as deviants-to-be. Deviance has many meanings. It depends on the culture, and the region where it is located. Different cultures have many different views of deviance. There is no correct, or ideal view of deviance in a society. Everyone in society has committed a deviant behavior. To be labeled as a deviant, society must define what is right and wrong. Placing stigmas on individuals will make the person accept the negative feedback, which in turn will cause them to become a deviant. People who have strong social ties, and support will control society. These people can make and break laws, without worrying about consequences. Social power involves a strong social class status. The Saints and the Roughnecks, are two groups which both committed deviant acts. One group is viewed better because of their social status. The Rich will always be viewed as more respected and valiant, then a group in poverty. Inequality is a result of deviance in society. This issue prompts society to become more alert of the pr oblem, which causes social change.

Echo Essays - Echo, Oreads, Narcissus, Nymph, Echo And Narcissus

Echo Echo was a nymph who lived in the forest. She romped and played with all of her fellow nymphs. One day she came across a beautifull man named Narcissus. At first she was scared of him, but soon grew quite attached. The gods looked down upon an infatuated Narcissus with disdain. They sentenced him and his new love to horrible fates. Echo could now only repeat what was said to her. This soon made Narcissus angry. He ignored Echo and looked for new romantic interests. Echo became so sad and lonely, that she ran away into a cave, and withered away. This made the gods angry, and they sentenced Narcissus to be forever in love with himself. One day while he was walking next to a pool, he saw his reflection. His gaze never moved from that spot.

Medal Of Honor Essays - Medal Of Honor, Maynard Harrison Smith

Medal Of Honor Essays - Medal Of Honor, Maynard Harrison Smith Medal Of Honor BACKGROUND PAPER ON SGT MAYNARD SMITH 1. When you hear about the Medal of Honor, do you know why it is given? Do you as a military member know what a member must go through to receive such an honor? Sadly, a lot of military members dont realize what a prestigious award this is. My intention today is to share with you what the Medal of Honor is. Also, I am going to tell you about Sgt. Maynard Smith who received a Medal of Honor in World War II, due to his bravery and loyalty to his fellow crewmembers. 2. First, I will start by giving you some background information on the Medal of Honor. In our countrys early history there were special awards voted by Congress for special contributions with the first awarded to George Washington in 1776. However, many felt that whatever actions were performed in the service on ones country to be a common duty. The Civil War changed many perceptions in that regard. Originally authorized by congress in 1861, its sometimes called the Congressional Medal of Honor. Although the proper name of the award is the Medal of Honor, it is due to the fact that it was established by an act of Congress that most erroneously refer to it as the Congressional Medal of Honor. In the 136 years that the Medal of Honor has been established a total of 3,428 medals have been awarded. Twenty of these medals have been awarded to a recipient twice. The Medal of Honor (www.af.mil/heritage) is awarded to military members, while on active duty, that have gone beyond the call of duty, and have had enough courage to risk their own lives. The Medal of Honor is a bronze, five star hanging from a bronze bar with the single word, Valor. All recommendations for this decoration must be proven incontestably for acts of bravery that are so outstanding that it is proven to be gallantry beyond the call of duty, self-sacrifice, risk of life, and will not leave any grounds for criticism or censure. Whatever deed was accomplished must also have incontestable evidence and been witnessed by two eyewitnesses. This decoration is the first award for enlisted serviceman. Only sixteen Medal of Honor decorations have been awarded since the Air Force became an independent force in 1947. Now, let me proceed to tell you about Sgt. Maynard Smith and what a courageous act he accomplished to receive such a prestigious award. 3. Sgt. Maynard Smith was in the U.S. Army Air Corps in World War II. When Sgt. Smith was returning from a mission over Europe on 1 May 1943, (www.americanhistory/library) the fighter aircraft, on which he was a gunner, was hit with intense enemy fire. The airplane was hit several times by enemy fire and cannon shells. Two of his crew was seriously wounded, intense fires were ignited in the cockpit, several vital cables were severed, and the aircrafts oxygen system was shot out. Three members of his crew panicked and bailed out for the sea below. The escaping oxygen fanned the fires to such intense heat temperatures that the ammunition began to explode. Even though this was Sgt. Smiths first combat mission he made the decision to save the aircraft and his two-wounded crewmembers. He threw the exploding ammunition overboard, manned the guns until the enemy was driven away, administered first aid to his wounded comrades, and then wrapped himself in a protective cloth to completely exti nguish the flames by hand. Sgt. Smiths act of heroism should explain what acts of bravery and courage is required to receive a Medal of Honor. 4. You now have some history on the Medal of Honor, and are informed on what the guidelines are for a military member to receive such an honor. In addition, you are familiar with a very brave and courageous man, Sgt. Maynard Smith, who made the self-sacrifice and risked his life for his country and his fellow crewmembers.

How Individual Firms Can Prevent A Leeson Incident From Happening To Research Paper

How Individual Firms Can Prevent A Leeson Incident From Happening To Them - Research Paper Example This research paper tells that the collapse of Baring Bank was primarily due to one rogue trader, named Nick Leeson, who was making fraudulent transactions. Leeson occupied a great deal of power in Barings Limited, as he was both the Chief Trader and Head of Settlements, which means that he could make any trades he wanted without any oversight – the fox was in charge of the chicken coop, so to speak. What this essentially meant was that Leeson was able to cover up losses and report them as gains, because, as Head of Settlements, which was in charge of reporting trading losses and errors, he was able to be dishonest in this way. This was brought to the attention of the auditors, which stated that this set-up provided great risk, but Barings did nothing to rectify it. In the end, it was this lack of governance that proved to be the undoing of the firm, as Leeson single-handedly brought the bank down. The Leeson affair was caused by a number of different factors. First, according to Hoch & Kunreuther, bad decisions played a large part in fomenting the conditions under which the scandal occurred. One of the bad decisions was on the part of the managers, who looked the other way regarding Leeson because their emotions got in the way. The managers liked Leeson, as he initially was successful in trading, and the emotion of greed got in the way of closely scrutinizing him. Moreover, Leeson had very little experience in trading, and he had some personal bad debt that was not disclosed in his application for a trading license. All of these should have been red flags, however, they were overlooked by the individuals in the hiring process and by the managers who could have prevented Leeson’s reckless trading, simply because Leeson was liked (Hoch & Kunreuther, 2001, p. 6) Hoch & Kunreuther (2001) also state that there were other reasons why there were so many bad decisions that were made in the Leeson case. One of these is that the company relied too much on intuition. Another is that they were in too much of a rush – they felt that they must capitalize on the Far East market as quickly as possible, without implementing the

Fourth Estate Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Fourth Estate - Essay Example The news media can also alert the nation to events that may otherwise not have been public, and may perhaps alter the social style of the day. The press are absolutely instrumental in advocacy and the presentation of political (and social) issues (Powe, 1992). One of the most important examples of the power of the Fourth Estate can be seen in the coverage of the Middle East. Every newspaper or TV news channel will present at least one article on the Middle East daily, with much (if not all) of the coverage being negative. Although the press generally try to maintain some form of neutrality to preserve their integrity (Schultz, 1998), there are some areas in which this cannot be upheld in full, and the Fourth Estate has to ensure that it refers to issues in the way that the readers and viewers can understand. The coverage of the Middle East is a perfect example of this. The recent troubles in Libya, for example, have been presented by the media in the Western world almost exclusively from a Westocentric perspective, ensuring that the people of Libya are almost constantly referred to as victims with Gadaffi being portrayed as an evil dictator (e.g. Cobain, 2011). Whatever the personal perspective on this issue is, it is almost impossible to find any news sources that describe the troubles in any other manner; the role of the Fourth Estate here is to uphold the view of the area in this possibly over-simplistic manner. The Fourth Estate has shaped society in this manner, and the majority of people in the Western world would agree with the general principles of this matter. From the description of the concept of the Fourth Estate given above and the example of Libya, it is easy to see that the press easily fills this role and holds an immense social and political power in these first world countries, who usually have an established democracy and a large

Comparison of Business Model and Development

Comparison of Business Model and Development The growth and development in the field of information communication technology has more or less changed the buying preferences of consumers. Currently Tesco not only sells products through its physical stores but also through online store. Tesco was the first explorer of the new market which began online sales in 1994 (Ocado, 2011). Tesco is the UKs largest retailer and one of the worlds re-known leading international retailers operating in fourteen countries (Tesco, 2013). During the next 10 years a number of internet retailers emerged in the United Kingdom not only to saturate the online market but also to fight the traditional brick-and-mortar stores. Among them were the Amazon established business in the UK in 1998 (Brown, 2008) and the British start-up Ocado an online grocery shop launched in 2001(Ocado, 2011). Like wises Sainsbury also a third largest retailers in the UK initiated online selling in the year 1995. Although these four businesses are not in direct competition at a first glance, they definitely explore and shape the future of e-retailing and retail industry in general for the coming decades. The aim of this work is to compare the four companies, their business models, logistics set ups and challenges they face. It is important to highlight that unfortunately almost no information is available in open sources about Tesco Direct and Amazons performance and development indicators as they are incorporated in the annual reports of the American mother company. In order to achieve the aim required I assumed that more or less of these four companies have similar business model but dealing with the daily logistics in the supply chain network is different from each other and in terms of KPIs. There was also some limitation in finding out resourceful data. Amazons business model and development over the last 5 years Amazon appeared on the internet in October 1998 as a rebranded website bookpages.co.uk purchased by amazon.com (Brown, 2008). From the very beginning it was a bookstore offering a range of books wider than any traditional book retailer. Nowadays in addition to books Amazon sells a wide range of product lines: books, music, films, games, electronics, computers, home garden, toys, childrens accessories, apparel, sports goods, DIY and (so far) limited grocery range. Tesco Direct- business model and development over the last 5 years Tesco started selling non grocery products online since 2006 by expanding its products range and integrate home / office electronic, furniture, DIY products and other entertainment related products such as DVD, CDs, Blue ray, Games etc. Tesco non-food business in the UK is also growing rapidly and in-fact it is over 13% a year (Tesco, 2013a). Tesco manages its own supply chain through its distribution centre located in Hertfordshire, which is responsible to supply goods to south eastern part of England. Moreover, Tesco is generating sales by promoting everyday low price concept not only through stores but also through online. The Tesco non-food online business was also expanded by the acquisition of blinkbox in 2011 (online movie service), We7 (free music) and Mobcast in the year 2012. The transitional period of success in selling general merchandise is sighted over past four years and also expected to grow more in this particular area because the demand is increasing. Ocados business model and development over the last 5 years Ocado was born out of strategy. Three ex-bankers spotted a market opportunity in the rapidly developing e-commerce and set up in 2001 the first fully dedicated online grocery retailer in the UK (Ocado, 2011). The market spotted was online sales and home deliveries of upmarket food and grocery initially were sourced from Waitrose (Ocado, 2011). As of 2012 Ocado sells 100% of goods via its web store, companys only sales channel (Ocado, 2011). The company is responsible for order processing, picking and shipping to the customer. It also bears full responsibility for the customer service, technology and inventory availability. Ocado uses a fleet of own dedicated vehicles to ensure deliveries to the customers. Ocado sells own-brand goods from Waitrose and Carrefour, wide range of branded goods from a number of producers, and small but expanding range 1of private label goods (Ocado, 2011). The total number of SKUs is over 22,000; approximately 4,300 SKUs out of that are Waitrose-branded pr oducts (Ocado, 2011). Sainsbury- business model and development over the last 5 years Sainsbury one of the UKs top five top grocery retailers founded in 1986. Offering thirty thousand diversified daily use food products and currently operating over 1000 supermarkets and convenience store employs around 150000 colleagues. Sainsbury starts selling products such as electronic entertainment as well as sports equipment through online in the year 2010. According to the financial performance till 2012 the underlying profit before tax is  £712m with the market share of 16.6% (Kantar). It can be seen that since the year 2008 the sales (including VAT fuel) grew from  £19,287m to  £24,511m (Sainsbury, 2013 a). Working mainly through four (CFC) strategic fulfilment centres and four Primary consolidation centres (PCC). Many of the stores are also offering non food products. The non- food products sales started back in 2010. In the year 2008, total sales for fourth quarter up 6.7% excluding (5.1% fuel), like for like (LFL) was 6.0% excluding (4.0% fuel). Comparing it with t he financial performance of up to the 3rd quarter of the year 2013 the total sales remains 3.9% excluding (3.3% fuel). It shows that in the third quarter of the year 2013 the sales remain lower than it used to be in same quarter in 2011. Role of logistics and supply chain of Amazon UK Amazon can be called a pioneer of innovative SCM solutions of the online retail industry. Although a significant progress has been made so far there are a lot of challenges still facing the business including supply chain infrastructure development, inventory optimisation, sourcing optimisation, order fulfilment, last mile solutions etc. Amazon runs a number of fulfilment centres in the UK four in England (forth opened in Hemel Hempstead in Hertfordshire 2012), two in Scotland and one in Wales (Amazon, 2011). These centres are responsible for keeping the minimal stock of goods and fulfilling customer orders. Amazon operates system of hubs (also called injection points) to reduce transport cost. The idea is to transport goods ready for delivery in full truck loads to the area of their delivery and after that hand them over to Royal Mail, DHL and others for the last mile delivery. Inventory optimisation has been a key issue for Amazon from its creation. As a response to it Amazon created a multi tear inventory network to optimise own costs and improve performance. The web store manages and owns relationship with the customer with the immediate access to the Tier I level of the supply chain Amazons fulfilment centre. If for some reason the product is out of stock within own facilities the IT system checks availability with the Tier II level partner DCs and wholesale DCs. If the product is missing there as well, the IT system turns to the Tier III suppliers, publishers and third party providers. As a result of this architecture Amazon keeps information flows under control and manages inventory through all three levels to its own benefit (Amazon, 2011). Distribution process is the customer facing supply chain part. Although Amazon outsourced the last mile solution its IT keeps the process under control to ensure transparency for the customer and feedback collection. Role of logistics and supply chain of Tesco Direct Tesco Direct established in 2006 providing a large range of home, furniture, appliances, computers and much more. The overall financial performance of Tesco Direct sales were impressive, up by more than 16%, with Click Collect once again proving a particularly attractive option for customers ahead of Christmas. Many customers chose to collect their orders from one of over 600 Express stores now offering Click Collect, providing an even greater level of convenience. Due to the growth in the online business Tesco is reopening its Fenny Lock distribution centre (DC) to handle its online growing business. It is also planned to open two (DCs) in Reading and Deganham which will improve its customer services and less impact on environment (Tesco, 2013). Some of the major business also transferred to rail transport in Daventry (DC) which will remove 40000 lorries from the road and save 10000 CO2 emissions (IGD, 2013). Tesco using automated ordering system that keeps updating operations at CFC and warehouses. The operating profit margin relatively remain same 5.9% in 2008 -09, where as little growth was seen around 6.4% in 2011 which came back to 6.1% in 2012 (Tesco, 2013). Related to the Amazon UK the business is different comparing to Tesco Direct. Amazon has expertise in this area more than Tesco Direct which has start selling non-food products just few years ago. But since 2010 non-food products business show positive financial returns which has led Tesco to grow in this particular area of business within the UK and international. Tesco is focusing more to operate internationally because they believe UK market is mature now. Role of logistics and supply chain of Ocado Supply chain model implemented by Ocado is far more straightforward comparing to Sainsbury due to only one sales channel and the nature of products delivered to the customer (grocery, substantial part of which can be perishable). Ocado runs a system of hub and spoke network with so far the only warehouse (the customer fulfilment centre or CFC) in Hatfield and seven hubs across England. As a result Ocado covers up to 70% of British households (Ocado, 2013a). The 2nd CFC expected to be openned in the 1st quarter of 2013 at Dordon in central England, which would also increase the order fulfilment capacity from 120,000 units per week to 180,000 units per week (Ocado, 2013b). Sales growth also is seen after improving the operation at Hatfield fulfilment centre which is also expected to be rise more than 13 % in the following months of 2013. The gross sales increases jumped over from  £ 551m to  £ 716m since 2008 to 2012 (Ocado, 2013c). All online orders, which consumers place, are fulfilled in Hatfield CFC. Now all picking process of product goes through highly automated machineries: plastic totes containing up to three bags move around the warehouse through the conveyer belt. Along the journey the totes are stopped opposite the aisles where members of staff pick ordered good from the shelves and put it into the relevant bags. Then packed orders are allocated depending on the delivery area and loaded onto delivery truck to bring goods to a hub or a delivery van for home deliveries. Ocado owns a fleet of branded lorries for hub deliveries and a fleet of refrigerated Mercedes-Benz brightly coloured vans for the last mile solution. Ocado benefits from a number of advantages as a result of running such a centralised set up including ease of inbound deliveries, demand forecasting, operations and control over the supply chain in general. Accurate demand forecasting allows Ocado not only to optimise inventory but also to minimise waste of unsold goods which is crucial for a grocery retailer. Ocados supply chain is using its own IT customise software in its business. Current service delivery is improved 151 DPV and CFC efficiency improved by 120 UPH. Role of logistics and supply chain of Sainsbury online grocery deliveries Currently Sainsbury is working mainly through four (CFC) strategic fulfilment centres and four Primary consolidation centres (PCC) offering. Many of the stores are also offering non food products. The non-food products sales started back in 2010. Over the past five years development has been seen the growth in the overall sales. The Sainsbury is using Manhattans Extended Enterprise Management (EEM) solutions in the newly built with fulfilment centres. Sainsbury is an experience retailer of supermarkets serving customers with both food and non food products. Reducing delays in logistics operations supply management by covering an area on 600000 sq. ft, runs over 2.5 km of conveyer belt with 10 automatic ambient storage and retrieval cranes. Sainsbury operations are spread all over the UK with a larger capacity to store and higher in efficiency output than Ocado so that is why not the right to compare logistics / supply management to each other. Changes effecting logistic performance of the companies I selected three major changes that could influence performance of the four companies Tesco Direct, Amazon-UK, Ocado Sainsbury. Increasing fuel costs would have mixed effect on all four companies. On one side it would increase their costs and undercut profits. On the other side consumers would be more reluctant to drive for shopping and would be more eager to shop online. In the profit margins would be squeezed but the sales volumes would most probably increase making the market space far more competitive. Environmental regulations: Environmental problems to be consider seriously by using alternate bio fuels in the road transport network to lower carbon emission. Increase the use 3Rs (Reduce, Reuse Recycle) in logistics and supply chain management both at national and international levels would generally have positive effect on all companies. At the moment all four companies are working closely to reduce waste and more recycling. Source locally: Almost all of the four retailers are not fully sourcing their products locally but also dependent on international sourcing. But Amazon UK could be effected in future if the Government announces any new taxes on business, whereas Tesco, Ocado and Sainsbury are as a local retailer would suffer less. Suggested actions to improve financial performance Ocado as it is still in its developing phase of business with a lot of opportunities to explore within the UK. Ocados still needs to focus more toward to south- east part of the England specially by covering London area, once the market demand of Ocado products increases then to move towards geographic expansion in the UK. The newly built 2nd CFC in north of England would definitely increase the coverage area allowing the company to serve the north of England and Wales. Location play important role in business success hence, Ocado needs to concentrate on those strategic areas which are nearer to the suppliers and market. Once the market is covered a next step the company should consider starting operations in Scotland. The current financial performance is not very good to suggest Ocado to operate outside the UK. Another option would be to increase product range well beyond recent 21,000 SKUs and enter the non-grocery market if they want to compete Sainsbury. Sainsbury has an upper ha nd by offering products around 30,000. Having appropriate coverage and customer service in place this would be a very sound option for development. In-house structured trainings should be given to all working in the area of logistics supply chain management. Weekly trainings should be given to the drivers who face the customers mostly and plays key part in the future development. Company reputation should be kept on priority by meeting the KPIs. Customer services level needs to be maintained all the time. The last mile problem should be dealt seriously. Lower the customers services are, higher the possibilities in financial growth. Providing high quality products range in competitive prices would certainly attract the customers through proper marketing. Making sure the product availability all the time in store based or online based, growing the product range would benefit the business. Given the size and expertise of the company it should not be a big issue. Price always was a key matter for the Amazons success. I believe tracking and adopting prices in line with the market fluctuations may be not enough in the future. It would be interesting for Amazon to explore promotion campaigns widely used by traditional retailers. Summary This studies is based on four top retailers of the UK companies studied are advanced players in the market of online retail. There business operations are facing more or less similar challenges are similar in-spite of the fact that they are technically serving different markets. Amazon is a well know global market leader still hungry for growth and success in the UK industry and expanding more. Sainsbury is also expanding but inside the UK, Ocado just passed a set up stage and actively growing in the UK and building plans for global expansion. Tesco is performing well in it food grocery and non-food grocery which is performing well and giving hard time rivals also planning to expand in India. I do believe that they work in the exiting online market during the exiting times when everything is still possible and the most innovative and brave will win the marketplace. References: Amazon.com Inc, 2011 annual report. [online] Available from: [Accessed 09/03/2013] IGD (2013), Tesco in major network shake up, [online] Available from: [Accessed 09/03/2013]. Ocado (2011, b), Groundbreaking ceremony for new Ocado CFC, [online] Available from: [Assessed: 08/03/2013]. Ocado (2011, c), [online] Available from: [Assessed: 12/03/2013]. Tesco (2013), , [Assessed: 11/03/2013]. Tesco (2013), Five year financial summary, [online] Available from: [Assessed: 11/03/2013]. Tesco (2013 a), [online] Available from: [Assessed: 11/03/2013]. Sainsbury (2013), [online] Available from: [Assessed: 07/03/2013]. Sainsbury (2013 a), Five year summary, [online] Available from:  http://www.j-sainsbury.co.uk/about-us/financial-performance/5-year-summary/#tabbed_section  [Assessed: 07/03/2013]. Sainsbury (2013 b), Sainsbury trading statement, [online] Available from: [Assessed: 08/03/2013].

Gas War :: essays papers

Gas War Gasoline is produced by a distillation process where crude oil is heated and fumes are captured and converted into many products such as kerosene, jet fuel, and gasoline to name a few. Therefore the price of crude oil, which is extracted from oil wells beneath the earths surface, is a major factor in gas prices. The five leading oil-producing countries and their approximate shares of the world supply of oil are: Soviet Union 21%, Saudi Arabia 17%, The United States 15%, Venezuela 4%, and Mexico 4%. These five countries made up 61 % of the worlds oil production back in 1980. Even though The United States is a major producer of oil, it does not make them self-sufficient. The United States uses more oil than they can produce and must look towards foreign countries. An organization called O.P.E.C. controls approximately four fifths of the worlds oil reserves in the non-communist world. The United States is forced to deal with O.P.E.C., not only in its own interests, but also in the interest of its allies and in the interest of maintaining peace. The former Soviet Union may now have an interest in selling some of their oil that they have a tremendous amount of. O.P.E.C. which stands for Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, is made up of 13 countries: Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Venezuela, Qatar, Indonesia, Libya, United Arab Emirates, Algeria, Nigeria, Ecuador, and Gabon. O.P.E.C. was founded in Baghdad, Iraq in September of 1960. It was organized in response to oil producing countries that did not consult with the Middle Eastern oil states before lowering their crude oil prices. The producers feared that other countries would establish monopolies. The aim of O.P.E.C. was to create a universal price between the countries, in order to ensure peace between oil producers throughout the world. O.P.E.C. also wanted to provide its members with technical and economic support in times of need, since not all the countries were completely stable. The head quarters were initially set in Geneva, but were later moved to Vienna in 1965. O.P.E.C.’s goal was to establish firmly unified prices amongst their members, but the organization was not always successful. In their quest for control over the world market of oil production, they have ran into several obstacles and setbacks. O.P.E.C. has barely survived being eliminated due to internal conflicts amongst its members.

Traditional Sports in Assam

Traditional sports in N-E Games soon| A STAFF REPORTER| | A traditional sport in progress during the recent Bihu festivities. A Telegraph picture | Guwahati, May 22: The newly-formed Assam Traditional Sports and Dragon Boat Association claimed that efforts were being made to include some traditional sports of Assam in the North-East Games in near future.Addressing the media, regarding the proposed traditional sports carnival — Amar Khel, Amar Utsav — on Saturday, one of the founder office- bearers of the association, Subhash Basumatary, said he was making efforts to get a few disciplines included in the North-East Games, organised annually by SAI. Basumatary is also the director-in-charge of the SAI regional sub-centre, Guwahati. Boat racing, one of the most popular traditional sports, is all set to be the first from among a dozen traditional deciplines which could make it to the North-East Games.The Dragon Boat carnival, to be held here on Saturday, will include 10 oth er disciplines apart from boat racing at Dighalipukhuri. The field events at the carnival at Latasil ground include dhop khel, koni juj, ghila khel, malla juddha, rashi tana, tel khuta, tangon tona, kelah loi dour, tekeli bhonga and dighal thengia dour. â€Å"The idea is to conserve the traditional sports and bring them out of the remote villages to the urban areas. We hope to get co-operation from the government too in organising the event.So far, the tourism department, the State Sports Council of Assam, the Kamrup (Metro) district administration and few others have already come forward to help us in the noble venture,† the association’s president Taher Ahmed said. | Dhopkhel The most popular indigenous game in the state of Assam is Dhopkhel. An ancient game, it is closely related with the development of the state as such. The game requires absolute physical fitness – speed, stamina and acrobatic skills. Dhop is a seasonal game, played during the state's Sprin g Festival, known as Rangoli Bihu.The game really flowered under the royal patronage of the Ahoms. There are two types of Dhop, one played by men and the other by women. The game, which uses a rubber ball, is played by two teams comprising 11 players each, in an open field, 125 m in length and 80 m in breadth, with a central point in the right middle of the arena. Two lines called kai are drawn at a distance of 12 ft on each side of the point at the centre. At the four points where the kai meets the 125 m lines, four flags are planted. Similarly, four flags are planted in the four corners, known as chukor nishan.Parallel to the central point in each half of the field, is one point each, at a distance of 13'6†³ from the centre, and circles surrounding them known as gher. The game begins with the dhop i. e the ball being thrown in the air, by a player. If the ball does not fall in the opponent's court, it is to be thrown again. The dhop has to be caught by the opposing team, and if they fail, then the other team takes the throw. If caught, the player who takes the catch proceeds to the gher of the court, and throws it to the katoni, who stands on the other gher.If the thrower fails on either count, his team forfeits the chance of a throw at the katoni, and the guilty player is requested to deliver a high lob to the opposing team, like the lob which started the game. The opposing team thus gets a chance once more for a catch and throw, at the opponents' katoni. If the katoni is hit below the waist, it is considered a kota, and the katoni becomes a hoia or a bondha, and automatically loses his status of a ghai – a name initially used for all the players. The bondha goes over to the opposing side and tries to prevent the players of the team from catching the dhop. This move is known as aulia.If a bondha succeeds in catching the dhop in the opponents' court and can recross over to his original side without being touched by any of the opponents, he become s a ghai, and this move is known as hora. However, he has to cross both kais and he cannot leave the court in the process of crossing over, or catching the dhop in the zone between two kais. If a team loses ten ghais as hoia or bondha, then the last ghai will be named ghai katoni, and if a kota can be done to him, then it is known as piriutha, which signifies victory for the side. If at the end of the game, there are equal number of ghais, the game is pronounced a draw. Rang GharLocation: Joysagar, 4 km to the west of Sibsagar town Built By: Ahom King Pramutta Singha Built In: 1746 AD Highlights: Oldest amphitheatre in Asia Rang Ghar is one of the major attractions of the state of Assam. It is said to be the oldest amphitheatre in the whole of Asia and has often been referred to as the ‘Colosseum of the East'. Situated to the northeast of the Tolatol Ghar, in the Joysagar area of the Sibsagar district; is the two storied Rang Ghar, which was the royal venue for witnessing a nu mber of games, like buffalo fight, bull fight etc. This ancient amphitheatre was constructed by the Ahom ruler Swargadeo Pramutta Singha.Rang Ghar dates back to 1746 AD, when it was basically built for the purpose of amusement and fun. The theatre is a double storied building and on the roof, there is a design of an Ahom royal long boat. It is overall oval in shape, unlike the multi-storied Tolatol Ghar situated just adjacent to it. Every year, during the occasion of Rongali Bihu, Rang Ghar used to be the royal sports pavilion, from which the Ahom kings and nobles witnessed games in the Rupahi Pathar below. The Rupahi Pathar is a vast field, where various activities like bull fighting and other such traditional games used to be organized for the entertainment of the royalty.The Rang Ghar was even the symbol of the recently concluded 33rd National Games, which was held in February (9th to 18th) 2007, in Guwahati, Assam. In case you are planning to visit Sibsagar district of Assam in the near future, do make sure to pay a visit to the Rang Ghar as well. Rang Ghar (Assamese: , rong ghor) (meaning â€Å"Amusement House†) is a two-storied building, which was the royal sports-pavilion from which the Ahom kings and nobles witnessed games like buffalo fights and other sports at the Rupahi Pathar (pathar meaning field in Assamese) specially during Rangali Bihu festival in the Ahom capital, Rangpur.On the roof of the Rang Ghar is a design of an Ahom royal long boat. The building was constructed during the reign of Swargadeo Pramatta Singha in 1746. It is located north east to the Talatal Ghar a multi-storied royal complex in Joysagar west of Sivasagar town, on the other side of the Assam Trunk (AT) Road in Sibsagar district in Assam, India . The Rang Ghar is said to be the oldest amphitheater in Asia[citation needed]. The base of the monument has a series of arched entrances and atop the roof is a decorative pair of carved stone crocodiles.In many of these, only the brick framework exists with vestiges of sculptural adornments here and there. The Ahoms, who used special thin baked bricks, did not have the use of cement and, therefore, used a paste of rice and eggs as mortar for their construction. They also made use of powdered mixed lime and bricks to cover the surface of the inner walls. It is said that this layer of powder used to keep the inside of Ranghar cool. The entrance to Sankardev Kalakshetra at Guwahati is made in the style of the Rang Ghar.The Rang Ghar was the logo of the recently concluded 33rd National Games that was held from 9 to 18 February, 2007 in Guwahati, Assam. About a kilometer towards the north east of Rangh Ghar is the Jaysagar Pukhuri. It is a manmade tank, encompassing an area of about 120 Bighas of land. It was dug in memory of Rani Joymati, the mother of Rudra Singha, the most illustrious of the Ahom kings. Guwahati, Apr 6 (PTI) Seisimic survey work by the ONGC is posing a threat to Assam's 18th century amphi theatre, ‘Rang Ghar† at Gargaon in Sibsagar district, perhaps the largest stadium in Asia, which has proudly stood the ravages of time.Lesser known than the internationally famous `Colosseum' in Italy, the ‘Rang Ghar' bears mute testimony to the state's chequered history. The most potent symbol of the glorious 600 year rule of the Tai-Ahom kings hailing from Thailand, the monument constructed in 1746 AD, has been in the news after a report carried by PTI on cracks appearing on its facade. The report prompted the Assam government to constitute a seven-member expert committee to examine the damages on the walls of the heritage site.The damages to the protected monument have prompted the Archaelogical Survey of India (ASI) which maintains it, to threaten legal action against the public sector Oil and Natural Gas Commission (ONGC) The ASI move comes after eight 10 metre cracks have appeared on the Rang Ghar walls following blastings in the seismic survey work at nearby Rupohipathar, an open oil field. The ONGC officials when contacted refused to comment on the matter and only maintained â€Å"that precaution had been taken not to harm the heritage sites and historic monuments during survey works†.The damages have created a public outcry with a local students body, All Assam Tai Ahom Students Union (AATASU), calling an ‘indefinited ONGC bandh' from March 5 and the proscribed ULFA issuing a warning to the ONGC to stop all seismic work or face dire consequences. The Rang Ghar, stated to be the oldest outdoor stadium in Asia, bears mute testimony to Assam's history. The medieval Tai-Ahom kingdom (1228-1826) was founded by Sukapha in the 13th century establishing its suzerainity over the Brahmaputra valley and putting paid to Mughal expansionism in the North-East seventeen times sucessfully.The monument also saw the annexation of Assam by the British Empire through the historic Treaty of Yandaboo in 1826 paving the way for the advent of t he Britishers into the state and the end of the 600 year old Ahom rule. The monument at Gargaon was the crucible of the proscribed ULFA movement with its leaders congregating under Rang Ghar's portals on April 7 nearly 30 years ago to script one of the most violent chapters in the annals of the state in its fight for an independent homeland.The original ampitheatre was constructed with wood and bamboo by King Rudrasingha, also known as Siukapha who ruled between 1696-1714, but was rebuilt into a permanent structure by King Pramatasinha (1744-1751). With no knowledge of modern day cement, the Ahoms used a paste of rice and eggs as mortar and special thin bricks for construction of the Rang Ghar, that has withstood decades of neglect till Independence. As its name suggests, ‘Rang Ghar' was a `merriment house or a place of joy'. It was in this sports pavilion that elephant, buffalo, bullock and hawk fights, wrestling, besides Bihu (Assamese cultural festival), etc. were held. The Mongolian style oval-shaped two-storyed pavilion is 10 metres high, 11 metres across and 27 metres long with a steep flight of steps leading to the higher elevation from where the royal patrons and nobles are presumed to have watched the contests on the Rupohi Pathar (field) below surrounded by a huge meadow meant for the royal subjects. The monument's base has a series of archways with vestiges of sculptural adornments, and its roof is designed like a royal long boat with a pair of carved stone crocodiles on either ends.The ampitheatre is located north east to the royal palace `Kareng Ghar' in modern day Sibsagar town in Upper Assam. The Ahom kingdom with a successful multi-ethnic polity made major advances under king Susengpha Pratap Singha who revamped the administration and established the first military and diplomatic contact with the Mughals. Under King Gadadhar Singha, Mughal influence was, however, completely removed from the Brahmaputra valley and the Ahom Kingdom achieved its golden period under his son Rudra Singha.The Ahom rule declined with the rise of the Moamoria rebellion and subsequently fell to a succession of Burmese invasions. The defeat of the Burmese after the Anglo-Burmese War and the treaty of Yandaboo on Fewbruary 24, 1826, control of the once glorious Ahom kingdom passed into the British hands. Though during the colonial and subsequent times the Tai- Ahom rule was called the `Ahom Kingdom', the Ahoms called their kingdom `Mong Dun Shun Kham (casket of gold), while others called it Assam. The Rang Ghar was the logo of the 33rd National Games held in Guwahati from February 9 to 18 last year.